FAA Powerplant Written Practice Test

What type of compressor might indicate low power output in an aircraft engine?

1. Turbocharger

2. Supercharger

3. Scroll compressor

4. Rotary vane compressor

The correct answer is: Turbocharger

A turbocharger is designed to increase the power output of an aircraft engine by forcing more air into the combustion chamber, which allows for a more efficient burn of fuel. Low power output in an aircraft engine can be an indicator of issues with the turbocharger. If the turbocharger is not functioning correctly, it may not be able to compress enough air to maintain the desired power levels, leading to a reduction in engine performance. This can occur due to several reasons, such as a mechanical failure, exhaust system restrictions, or even issues with the feed to the turbocharger. Monitoring the performance of the turbocharger is crucial, especially in high-performance aircraft, since it directly impacts the engine's ability to produce sufficient thrust at higher altitudes where the ambient air is thinner. In contrast, superchargers, scroll compressors, and rotary vane compressors serve different roles in various engine designs and are not typically responsible for the low power output usually associated with turbocharged systems. The implications of a malfunctioning supercharger may differ, focusing more on specific systems rather than the overall power output as seen with turbochargers.