What is maximized through the use of a constant-speed prop?

The use of a constant-speed propeller is designed to maximize propulsive efficiency, which is a crucial aspect of aircraft performance. A constant-speed propeller adjusts its blade pitch in response to varying flight conditions (like altitude and power settings) to maintain optimal RPMs for the engine. This adaptability allows the propeller to operate at angles that generate the most effective thrust while minimizing drag.

As the aircraft operates in different phases, such as climb, cruise, or descent, the ability to optimize blade pitch helps ensure that the engine operates in its most efficient range. Consequently, a constant-speed propeller can maintain higher propulsive efficiency across a variety of airspeeds and engine power settings compared to a fixed-pitch or non-variable propeller.

This focus on propulsive efficiency leads not only to improved overall performance but also contributes toward better fuel economy during various flight operations. While cruise speed and thrust generation are essential aspects of flight, the constant-speed propeller specifically aims to enhance how efficiently thrust is produced over a range of conditions, which is the cornerstone of propulsive efficiency.