FAA Powerplant Written Practice Test

What does a surge protection valve prevent in the oil cooler?

1. Pressure buildup

2. Congealed oil

3. Excessive heat

4. Contaminant entry

The correct answer is: Congealed oil

A surge protection valve is designed to regulate the oil flow within an oil cooler, effectively preventing pressure spikes that can lead to premature wear or catastrophic failure of engine components. Its primary function is to ensure that the oil is allowed to flow freely and that any potential surges in pressure are mitigated. When pressure builds up in the oil cooler, it can lead to various issues, including potential damage to seals or the cooler itself. In essence, while congealed oil may be a concern in an engine’s lubrication system, it is not directly addressed by the surge protection valve; rather, it is more closely associated with temperature control and fluid properties. The other options deal with different aspects of oil cooling and lubrication. For instance, excessive heat and contaminant entry are important considerations in oil system maintenance, but the surge protection valve specifically targets the prevention of pressure buildup, ensuring a more stable operating environment within the oil system.